"Titanic" (English: RMS Titanic) is a British transatlantic liner, the second liner of the "Olympic" class of the White Star Line company. The largest passenger ship in the world at the time of its construction. During the first flight on the night of April 14-15, 1912, the liner collided with an iceberg in the Atlantic Ocean and sank. It was built in Belfast at the Harland & Wolff shipyard from 1909 to 1912. "Titanic" was equipped with two four-cylinder steam engines and a steam turbine. The entire power plant had a capacity of 55,000 hp. The liner could develop a speed of up to 23 knots (42 km/h). Its displacement, which exceeded the twin steamer "Olympic" by 243 tons, was 52,310 tons. The ship's hull was made of steel. The hold and lower decks were divided into 16 watertight compartments by bulkheads with sealed doors. When the bottom was damaged, the double bottom prevented water from entering the compartments. The magazine "Shipbuilder" called the "Titanic" virtually unsinkable, this saying became widespread in the press and among the public. According to outdated rules, the Titanic was equipped with 20 lifeboats, with a total capacity of 1,178 people, which was only a third of the maximum load of the steamer. The Titanic's cabins and public spaces were divided into three classes. A swimming pool, a squash court, an À La Carte restaurant, two cafes, and a gymnasium were available to first-class passengers. All classes had dining and smoking lounges, open and closed promenades. The most luxurious and exquisite were the first-class interiors, made in various artistic styles using expensive materials such as mahogany, gilding, stained glass, silk and others. Cabins and salons of the third class were decorated as simply as possible: steel walls were painted white or covered with wooden panels. On April 10, 1912, the Titanic left Southampton for New York on her first and only voyage. After making stops in French Cherbourg and Irish Queenstown, the liner left for the Atlantic Ocean with 1,317 passengers and 908 crew members on board. It was scheduled to arrive in New York on April 17. Captain Edward John Smith commanded the ship. On April 14, the Titanic radio station received seven ice warnings, but the liner continued to move at almost the maximum speed. To avoid meeting icebergs, the captain ordered to go a little south of the usual route. On April 14, at 23:39, sailor Frederick Fleet reported to the captain's bridge about an iceberg directly on course. A collision occurred in less than a minute. Having received several holes, the steamer began to sink. First of all, women and children were put in the boats. At 2:20 a.m. on April 15, after breaking in two, the Titanic sank, killing 1,496 people. 712 people who escaped were picked up by the steamer "Karpatiya". The wreckage of the Titanic lies at a depth of 3,750 m. It was first discovered by Robert Ballard's expedition in 1985. Subsequent expeditions raised thousands of artifacts from the bottom. The bow and stern parts went deep into the bottom silt, their rise to the surface is completely impossible. The story of the "Titanic" has become legendary thanks, in particular, to several feature films based on this tragedy. One of the last films, namely the 1997 film, won an Oscar and was a phenomenal success at the box office.
